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Razumnik Vasilyevich Ivanov-Razumnik (real surname - Ivanov; Разумник Васильевич Иванов-Разумник; December 24 1878, Tiflis, Georgia, then Russian Empire, - July 9, 1946, Munich, Germany was a Soviet Russian writer, philosopher and literary critic, best known for his book ''History of Russian Social Thought'' (1907, in two volumes) and the series of essays on post-Revolution literary life in the Soviet Russia. ==Biography== Razumnik Vasilyevich Ivanov was born in Tiflis, Georgia to a family of impoverished Russian nobleman. After graduating the 1st Saint Petersburg gymnasium he joined the faculty of Mathematics at Saint Petersburg University. In 1901 for taking part in the students' unrest he was arrested, expelled and a year later deported from the capital to Simferopol. Ivanov-Razumnik's first article (on Nikolay Mikhaylovsky) was published in ''Russkaya Mysl'' in 1904. His ''History of Russian Social Thought'' in two volumes came out in 1907 and became popular with the Russian left. In 1912 Ivanov-Razumnik joined the staff of Narodnik magazine ''Zavety'' (Testaments) where he became the head of a literary department and friends with Sergey Mstislavsky, V.M.Tchernov and several other authors, members of the Socialist Revolutionary party.〔 In 1916 Ivanov-Razumnik became the leader of a literary group (including, among others, Andrey Bely, Alexander Blok, Sergey Yesenin, Nikolay Klyuev and Olga Forsh) which later became known as ''Skify'' (Scythians), after the eponymous anthology which came out in 1917. For the second ''Skify'' book which came out in 1918 Ivanov-Razumnik wrote a programme-setting article called "The Two Russias".〔 Ivanov-Razumnik accepted the October 1917 revolution wholeheartedly, in fact, he took part in the coup and was in the Smolny from 26th to 28 October.〔Lavrov, A.V. Ivanov-Razumnik. The Return. Vol.1 Moscow, 1991, p. 304〕 As the SR party broken into two, he continued to actively cooperate with its left flank and became the literary section editor of ''Znamya Truda'' (Flag of Labour), which belonged to the Left Socialist Revolutionary Party (PLSR). He was also the literary section chief of ''Nash Put'' (Our Way), and made it sure that Andrey Bely, Alexander Blok and Sergey Yesenin were published there regularly.〔Dobrynin, М. Ivanov-Razumnik. Literary Encyclopedia in 11 Volumes. Moscow, 1929-1939. Vol.4. Pp. 410-413.〕 In 1919–1925 he was among the leaders (a vice-chairman) of the Free Philosophical association, bound to "investigate philosophical aspects of culture and creativity in the Socialist society." In the early 1930s he was accused in propagating the narodnik ideas, arrested and deported, for years living in poverty and withourt proper work. In October 1941 Ivanov-Pazumnik was interned by the Nazi occupants and sent to a camp in Eastern Prussia where he stayed up until the summer of 1943. After the liberation he moved first to Lithuania, then back to Germany where he settled to write about his life in the Soviet Union (''Life in Prisons and Exile'') and published essays on Soviet authors (''The Writers' Fates''). On July 9, 1946, Razumnik Ivanov-Razumnik died in Munich, Germany.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Razumnik Ivanov-Razumnik」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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